[Hypertrophic protein-losing gastropathy: Ménétrier disease. A clinical case]. / Gastropatía hipertrófica perdedora de proteínas: enfermedad de Ménétrier. Caso clínico.

INTRODUCTION: Ménétrier disease is a rare disorder characterized by gastric foveolar hyperplasia associated with secondary protein loss. In children, this condition is presented as an edematous syndrome without renal or hepatic impairment and differs from the adult form by the constant presence of edema and spontaneous remission. It has been related to infections in most published cases, especially to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). OBJECTIVE: To present a pediatric case of Ménétrier disease and endoscopic imaging obtained during the evolution of the patient. CASE REPORT: A five year old preschooler who presented a generalized edema, abdominal pain and malaise. After ruling out renal and hepatic pathologies, an upper endoscopy revealed a severe compromise of the gastric mucosa. Urease test for H. pylori and IgG test for CMV resulted positive. Albumin and H2 receptor antagonists were administered. The evolution was favorable and the patient was discharged after 14 days; 8 month follow-up endoscopy showed no abnormalities. CONCLUSION: The medical profile and endoscopy are enough evidence to suggest the diagnosis of hypertrophic protein-losing gastropathy. Further studies need to be developed that include a considerable number of patients to assess their association with CMV or H. pylori infections, as these viruses are very common in our population.

Gastropatía hipertrófica perdedora de proteínas: enfermedad de Ménétrier: caso clínico / Hypertrophic protein-losing gastropathy: Ménétrier disease: a clinical case

Introduction: Ménétrier disease is a rare disorder characterized by gastric foveolar hyperplasia associated with secondary protein loss. In children, this condition is presented as an edematous syndrome without renal or hepatic impairment and differs from the adult form by the constant presence of edema and spontaneous remission. It has been related to infections in most published cases, especially to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Objective: To present a pediatric case of Ménétrier disease and endoscopic imaging obtained during the evolution of the patient. Case report: A five year old preschooler who presented a generalized edema, abdominal pain and malaise. After ruling out renal and hepatic pathologies, an upper endoscopy revealed a severe compromise of the gastric mucosa. Urease test for H. pylori and IgG test for CMV resulted positive. Albumin and H2 receptor antagonists were administered. The evolution was favorable and the patient was discharged after 14 days; 8 month follow-up endoscopy showed no abnormalities. Conclusion: The medical profile and endoscopy are enough evidence to suggest the diagnosis of hypertrophic protein-losing gastropathy. Further studies need to be developed that include a considerable number of patients to assess their association with CMV or H. pylori infections, as these viruses are very common in our population.

Introducción: La enfermedad de Ménétrier es una entidad clínica rara, de etiología desconocida, que se caracteriza por hiperplasia foveolar gástrica asociada a pérdida secundaria de proteínas. En niños, se presenta como un síndrome edematoso sin compromiso renal ni hepático y difiere de la forma adulta por la presencia constante de edema y la remisión espontánea En la mayoría de los casos publicados se la relaciona a infecciones, en especial a Cytomegalovirus (CMV) y Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Objetivo: Presentar un caso pediátrico de Enfermedad de Ménétrier y las imágenes endoscópicas que se obtuvieron durante su evolución. Caso clínico: Preescolar de 5 años que consultó por edema generalizado, dolor abdominal y compromiso del estado general. Habiéndose descartado patología renal y hepática se solicitó una endoscopía digestiva alta que reveló un severo compromiso de la mucosa gástrica. Test de ureasa para Hp e IgG para CMV positivos. Se administró albúmina y antagonistas de receptores H2. La evolución fue favorable con alta al día 14 y endoscopía normal a los 8 meses de seguimiento. Conclusión: El cuadro clínico y la endoscopía son suficientes para plantear el diagnóstico de "Gastropatía hipertrófica perdedora de proteínas". Es necesario desarrollar estudios con un número considerable de pacientes para evaluar su asociación con infección por CMV o Hp, considerando además que estas infecciones son muy frecuentes en nuestra población.